Cut and Fill

The process of removing earth from a location or adding it to another by grading. During survey, the surveyor will mark areas with stakes as areas to either cut or fill. The surveyor marks the stakes with a letter, C or F, and a number; signifying how much to cut or fill to get to the desired grade.

Density Test

Analysis of soil to determine the level of compaction; this analysis determines if the soil can support the foundation of a house.

Sanitary Manhole

A manhole that are part of a sewer system. Most sanitary manholes are cylindrical in shape and made of concrete.

Sheep's Foot

Sheep's foot is a general term for the drum or roller on a piece of heavy equipment used for compacting soil where the roller has pegs or "feet" that have been welded to the drum at regular intervals. Some compaction rollers are also able to vibrate while compacting, which aids in the proces

Subgrade

A fill or soil surface prepared to support concrete pavement.

Water Tap

The point where the home water line taps into the main municipal water system. This is main is usually tapped using tapping sleeves, which converts the water supply from the larger size of the water main pipe down to one inch pipe, which is the normal water supply going into the water meter for a house.